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How should one understand the iii7-IV in this case?

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2

This is Herre förbarma dig (Lord have mercy) from a Catholic prayer book.
The chords are D-D-D-G-Bm7-C-D7-G.
V-V-V-I-iii7--IV--V7-I.
iii7-IV feels a bit odd. We have contrary motion between outer voice which is good. Even parallel motion between the bass & tenor and between the alto & soprano.
I don't even see how the Bm7 fits in the key of G, and usually a 7th chord is a major chord with an added 7th - not a minor chord with a 7th. What is going on?

theory

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Yes but I mean that I dont see why the iii would be a 7th chord unless we wanted to move into a new key. Then we would use III7.
  
  – Hank
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Hank, is it your understanding that 7th chords are only used when we want to move to new keys?
  
  – jdjazz
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  2
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Bm7 is diatonic to the key of G.
  
  – b3ko
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Actually re-reading this question I see a few misconceptions. I recommend googling “diatonic 7th chords” and “how to spell 7th chords”. Dominant 7ths are a major triad with a minor 7. Minor 7th chords have a minor triad and a minor 7. Major 7th chords are major triad with major 7.
  
  – b3ko
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

2

This is Herre förbarma dig (Lord have mercy) from a Catholic prayer book.
The chords are D-D-D-G-Bm7-C-D7-G.
V-V-V-I-iii7--IV--V7-I.
iii7-IV feels a bit odd. We have contrary motion between outer voice which is good. Even parallel motion between the bass & tenor and between the alto & soprano.
I don't even see how the Bm7 fits in the key of G, and usually a 7th chord is a major chord with an added 7th - not a minor chord with a 7th. What is going on?

theory

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Yes but I mean that I dont see why the iii would be a 7th chord unless we wanted to move into a new key. Then we would use III7.
  
  – Hank
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Hank, is it your understanding that 7th chords are only used when we want to move to new keys?
  
  – jdjazz
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  2
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Bm7 is diatonic to the key of G.
  
  – b3ko
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Actually re-reading this question I see a few misconceptions. I recommend googling “diatonic 7th chords” and “how to spell 7th chords”. Dominant 7ths are a major triad with a minor 7. Minor 7th chords have a minor triad and a minor 7. Major 7th chords are major triad with major 7.
  
  – b3ko
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

This is Herre förbarma dig (Lord have mercy) from a Catholic prayer book.
The chords are D-D-D-G-Bm7-C-D7-G.
V-V-V-I-iii7--IV--V7-I.
iii7-IV feels a bit odd. We have contrary motion between outer voice which is good. Even parallel motion between the bass & tenor and between the alto & soprano.
I don't even see how the Bm7 fits in the key of G, and usually a 7th chord is a major chord with an added 7th - not a minor chord with a 7th. What is going on?

theory

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

edited 1 hour ago

user45266

5,2981940

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

asked 8 hours ago

HankHank

485418

1 Answer
1

active

oldest

votes

4

I would call the Bm7 a passing chord in this context. It's purpose is to smooth out the transition from I to IV. The pitches in this chord are all in the form of passing tones that link chord tones.

The composer further indicates the passing nature of these chords by putting them on a weaker beat (all of the other chords occur squarely on the beat, while the Bm7 occurs on an upbeat).

So all together, this iiim7 chord is totally acceptable. It does not really serve a harmonic function, its purpose is to smooth out the voice leading from I to IV.

Lastly, minor chords can have sevenths (so can augmented, diminished, and suspended chords). The purpose of a seventh is too add some extra tension, so it is great for key changes, but it can be used in many other contexts as well. Minor seventh chords are extremely common in jazz.

share|improve this answer

edited 4 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Great point about 7ths adding tension! @Hank, Peter's answer here further implies that the presence of a 7th often does not change the harmonic function. Further to Peter's point, the iiim7 chord not only occurs on an un-emphasized beat, but it also occurs only for a very brief duration.
  
  – jdjazz
  7 hours ago
  
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

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4

I would call the Bm7 a passing chord in this context. It's purpose is to smooth out the transition from I to IV. The pitches in this chord are all in the form of passing tones that link chord tones.

The composer further indicates the passing nature of these chords by putting them on a weaker beat (all of the other chords occur squarely on the beat, while the Bm7 occurs on an upbeat).

So all together, this iiim7 chord is totally acceptable. It does not really serve a harmonic function, its purpose is to smooth out the voice leading from I to IV.

Lastly, minor chords can have sevenths (so can augmented, diminished, and suspended chords). The purpose of a seventh is too add some extra tension, so it is great for key changes, but it can be used in many other contexts as well. Minor seventh chords are extremely common in jazz.

share|improve this answer

edited 4 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Great point about 7ths adding tension! @Hank, Peter's answer here further implies that the presence of a 7th often does not change the harmonic function. Further to Peter's point, the iiim7 chord not only occurs on an un-emphasized beat, but it also occurs only for a very brief duration.
  
  – jdjazz
  7 hours ago
  
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

4

I would call the Bm7 a passing chord in this context. It's purpose is to smooth out the transition from I to IV. The pitches in this chord are all in the form of passing tones that link chord tones.

The composer further indicates the passing nature of these chords by putting them on a weaker beat (all of the other chords occur squarely on the beat, while the Bm7 occurs on an upbeat).

So all together, this iiim7 chord is totally acceptable. It does not really serve a harmonic function, its purpose is to smooth out the voice leading from I to IV.

Lastly, minor chords can have sevenths (so can augmented, diminished, and suspended chords). The purpose of a seventh is too add some extra tension, so it is great for key changes, but it can be used in many other contexts as well. Minor seventh chords are extremely common in jazz.

share|improve this answer

edited 4 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Great point about 7ths adding tension! @Hank, Peter's answer here further implies that the presence of a 7th often does not change the harmonic function. Further to Peter's point, the iiim7 chord not only occurs on an un-emphasized beat, but it also occurs only for a very brief duration.
  
  – jdjazz
  7 hours ago
  
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

I would call the Bm7 a passing chord in this context. It's purpose is to smooth out the transition from I to IV. The pitches in this chord are all in the form of passing tones that link chord tones.

The composer further indicates the passing nature of these chords by putting them on a weaker beat (all of the other chords occur squarely on the beat, while the Bm7 occurs on an upbeat).

So all together, this iiim7 chord is totally acceptable. It does not really serve a harmonic function, its purpose is to smooth out the voice leading from I to IV.

Lastly, minor chords can have sevenths (so can augmented, diminished, and suspended chords). The purpose of a seventh is too add some extra tension, so it is great for key changes, but it can be used in many other contexts as well. Minor seventh chords are extremely common in jazz.

share|improve this answer

edited 4 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524

share|improve this answer

edited 4 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524

answered 8 hours ago

PeterPeter

3,590524