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4

In FreeBSD 12, using the zsh shell, I noticed this difference when looking at $path (lowercase) versus $PATH (uppercase).

echo $path

/sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/home/freebsd/bin

echo $PATH

/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/home/freebsd/bin

One output is delimited by SPACE character, the other by COLON character.

➥ Why the difference?

Are these two different, separate variables? Or does the lowercase/uppercase trigger some kind of trick or meaning I do not know about?

Is this a zsh feature? Or a feature of FreeBSD?

zsh variable path array

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

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asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

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add a comment | 

4

In FreeBSD 12, using the zsh shell, I noticed this difference when looking at $path (lowercase) versus $PATH (uppercase).

echo $path

/sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/home/freebsd/bin

echo $PATH

/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/home/freebsd/bin

One output is delimited by SPACE character, the other by COLON character.

➥ Why the difference?

Are these two different, separate variables? Or does the lowercase/uppercase trigger some kind of trick or meaning I do not know about?

Is this a zsh feature? Or a feature of FreeBSD?

zsh variable path array

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

566k136136 gold badges11631163 silver badges16731673 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

42644 silver badges1515 bronze badges

add a comment | 

In FreeBSD 12, using the zsh shell, I noticed this difference when looking at $path (lowercase) versus $PATH (uppercase).

echo $path

/sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/home/freebsd/bin

echo $PATH

/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/home/freebsd/bin

One output is delimited by SPACE character, the other by COLON character.

➥ Why the difference?

Are these two different, separate variables? Or does the lowercase/uppercase trigger some kind of trick or meaning I do not know about?

Is this a zsh feature? Or a feature of FreeBSD?

zsh variable path array

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

566k136136 gold badges11631163 silver badges16731673 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

42644 silver badges1515 bronze badges

echo $path

echo $PATH

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

566k136136 gold badges11631163 silver badges16731673 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

42644 silver badges1515 bronze badges

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

566k136136 gold badges11631163 silver badges16731673 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

42644 silver badges1515 bronze badges

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

566k136136 gold badges11631163 silver badges16731673 bronze badges

edited 8 hours ago

Gilles

566k136136 gold badges11631163 silver badges16731673 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

42644 silver badges1515 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Basil BourqueBasil Bourque

42644 silver badges1515 bronze badges

1 Answer
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6

That's a feature of zsh inherited from csh/tcsh.

The $path array variable is tied to the $PATH scalar (string) variable. Any modification on one is reflected in the other.

In zsh (contrary to (t)csh), you can tie other variables beside $PATH with typeset -T. It's conventional, but not mandatory, to use an uppercase name for the colon-separated scalar and the same name in lowercase for the array. While colon is the default separator, other separators can be used (for instance newline to tie a multi-line string to an array, or comma to tie a csv row to an array)

In recent versions of zsh, typeset -p PATH or typeset -p path shows the link between the two variables:

% typeset -p path
typeset -aT PATH path=( /home/chazelas/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin )

That's useful in that it makes it easier to add remove components or loop over them.

Doing a typeset -U path to make the elements unique also helps keeping the $PATH variable clean (something similar can be achieved in tcsh with set -f).

share|improve this answer

edited 7 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

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add a comment | 

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6

That's a feature of zsh inherited from csh/tcsh.

The $path array variable is tied to the $PATH scalar (string) variable. Any modification on one is reflected in the other.

In zsh (contrary to (t)csh), you can tie other variables beside $PATH with typeset -T. It's conventional, but not mandatory, to use an uppercase name for the colon-separated scalar and the same name in lowercase for the array. While colon is the default separator, other separators can be used (for instance newline to tie a multi-line string to an array, or comma to tie a csv row to an array)

In recent versions of zsh, typeset -p PATH or typeset -p path shows the link between the two variables:

% typeset -p path
typeset -aT PATH path=( /home/chazelas/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin )

That's useful in that it makes it easier to add remove components or loop over them.

Doing a typeset -U path to make the elements unique also helps keeping the $PATH variable clean (something similar can be achieved in tcsh with set -f).

share|improve this answer

edited 7 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

326k5757 gold badges634634 silver badges10011001 bronze badges

add a comment | 

6

That's a feature of zsh inherited from csh/tcsh.

The $path array variable is tied to the $PATH scalar (string) variable. Any modification on one is reflected in the other.

In zsh (contrary to (t)csh), you can tie other variables beside $PATH with typeset -T. It's conventional, but not mandatory, to use an uppercase name for the colon-separated scalar and the same name in lowercase for the array. While colon is the default separator, other separators can be used (for instance newline to tie a multi-line string to an array, or comma to tie a csv row to an array)

In recent versions of zsh, typeset -p PATH or typeset -p path shows the link between the two variables:

% typeset -p path
typeset -aT PATH path=( /home/chazelas/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin )

That's useful in that it makes it easier to add remove components or loop over them.

Doing a typeset -U path to make the elements unique also helps keeping the $PATH variable clean (something similar can be achieved in tcsh with set -f).

share|improve this answer

edited 7 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

326k5757 gold badges634634 silver badges10011001 bronze badges

add a comment | 

That's a feature of zsh inherited from csh/tcsh.

The $path array variable is tied to the $PATH scalar (string) variable. Any modification on one is reflected in the other.

In zsh (contrary to (t)csh), you can tie other variables beside $PATH with typeset -T. It's conventional, but not mandatory, to use an uppercase name for the colon-separated scalar and the same name in lowercase for the array. While colon is the default separator, other separators can be used (for instance newline to tie a multi-line string to an array, or comma to tie a csv row to an array)

In recent versions of zsh, typeset -p PATH or typeset -p path shows the link between the two variables:

% typeset -p path
typeset -aT PATH path=( /home/chazelas/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin )

That's useful in that it makes it easier to add remove components or loop over them.

Doing a typeset -U path to make the elements unique also helps keeping the $PATH variable clean (something similar can be achieved in tcsh with set -f).

share|improve this answer

edited 7 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

326k5757 gold badges634634 silver badges10011001 bronze badges

% typeset -p path
typeset -aT PATH path=( /home/chazelas/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin )

share|improve this answer

edited 7 hours ago

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

326k5757 gold badges634634 silver badges10011001 bronze badges

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

326k5757 gold badges634634 silver badges10011001 bronze badges

answered 8 hours ago

Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

326k5757 gold badges634634 silver badges10011001 bronze badges