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What precisely does the commonly reported network hash rate refer to?


Hash rate : Algebraic EquationWhat is the difference between kH/s, MH/s, and GH/s?Hash rate for litecoind is way below the one I get for bitcoind, is this normal?Why do we need a mining speed above 4.3Ghash/s?What does the mining difficulty number really mean?How is hash rate of mining hardware calculatedHow can someone mine bitcoins at billions or trillions of hashes per second when the nonce is only 2^32 in size?How is Ethash a 'memory hard' algorithm if it utilizes peak GPU memory bandwidth?Hash rate : Algebraic Equation






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1















Specifically, does it refer to SHA hashes per second, or does it refer to nonce-iterations per second, because to check a nonce requires the application of SHA twice.










share|improve this question



















  • 2





    Double SHA256's per second.

    – MCCCS
    8 hours ago

















1















Specifically, does it refer to SHA hashes per second, or does it refer to nonce-iterations per second, because to check a nonce requires the application of SHA twice.










share|improve this question



















  • 2





    Double SHA256's per second.

    – MCCCS
    8 hours ago













1












1








1








Specifically, does it refer to SHA hashes per second, or does it refer to nonce-iterations per second, because to check a nonce requires the application of SHA twice.










share|improve this question














Specifically, does it refer to SHA hashes per second, or does it refer to nonce-iterations per second, because to check a nonce requires the application of SHA twice.







hashpower






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share|improve this question










asked 8 hours ago









Brad ThomasBrad Thomas

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  • 2





    Double SHA256's per second.

    – MCCCS
    8 hours ago












  • 2





    Double SHA256's per second.

    – MCCCS
    8 hours ago







2




2





Double SHA256's per second.

– MCCCS
8 hours ago





Double SHA256's per second.

– MCCCS
8 hours ago










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

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5
















The number reported is an estimation of the number of block headers iterated through by all miners on the network.



This means it refers to double-SHA256 hashes performed, not broken down to individual SHA256 operations. This makes the most sense, because even in the very early days (2010, perhaps before), no full SHA256 instances were being computed. Several optimizations let you skip parts of the computation.



It is an approximation, because the actual hash rate is not observable. It can be computed by looking at the created blocks on the network, and treating each as (2^256 / target) worth of attempts (so approximately 4.3 billion hashes per difficulty per block). That is the expected number of necessary hashes.



By looking at the blocks, another inaccuracy is introduced: only blocks that end up in the main chain are counted. Some blocks end up on temporary forks because another miner produces another nearly simultaneous competing block that wins. This is only a fraction of a percent today, but it does waste a small amount of hashrate, which also ends up not being counted.






share|improve this answer
































    0
















    Hash Rate
    The hash rate is the measuring unit of the processing power of the Bitcoin network. The Bitcoin network must make intensive mathematical operations for security purposes. When the network reached a hash rate of 10 Th/s, it meant it could make 10 trillion calculations per second. Source






    share|improve this answer








    New contributor



    yahiheb is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.





















    • This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

      – Brad Thomas
      8 hours ago







    • 1





      The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

      – yahiheb
      8 hours ago













    Your Answer








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    The number reported is an estimation of the number of block headers iterated through by all miners on the network.



    This means it refers to double-SHA256 hashes performed, not broken down to individual SHA256 operations. This makes the most sense, because even in the very early days (2010, perhaps before), no full SHA256 instances were being computed. Several optimizations let you skip parts of the computation.



    It is an approximation, because the actual hash rate is not observable. It can be computed by looking at the created blocks on the network, and treating each as (2^256 / target) worth of attempts (so approximately 4.3 billion hashes per difficulty per block). That is the expected number of necessary hashes.



    By looking at the blocks, another inaccuracy is introduced: only blocks that end up in the main chain are counted. Some blocks end up on temporary forks because another miner produces another nearly simultaneous competing block that wins. This is only a fraction of a percent today, but it does waste a small amount of hashrate, which also ends up not being counted.






    share|improve this answer





























      5
















      The number reported is an estimation of the number of block headers iterated through by all miners on the network.



      This means it refers to double-SHA256 hashes performed, not broken down to individual SHA256 operations. This makes the most sense, because even in the very early days (2010, perhaps before), no full SHA256 instances were being computed. Several optimizations let you skip parts of the computation.



      It is an approximation, because the actual hash rate is not observable. It can be computed by looking at the created blocks on the network, and treating each as (2^256 / target) worth of attempts (so approximately 4.3 billion hashes per difficulty per block). That is the expected number of necessary hashes.



      By looking at the blocks, another inaccuracy is introduced: only blocks that end up in the main chain are counted. Some blocks end up on temporary forks because another miner produces another nearly simultaneous competing block that wins. This is only a fraction of a percent today, but it does waste a small amount of hashrate, which also ends up not being counted.






      share|improve this answer



























        5














        5










        5









        The number reported is an estimation of the number of block headers iterated through by all miners on the network.



        This means it refers to double-SHA256 hashes performed, not broken down to individual SHA256 operations. This makes the most sense, because even in the very early days (2010, perhaps before), no full SHA256 instances were being computed. Several optimizations let you skip parts of the computation.



        It is an approximation, because the actual hash rate is not observable. It can be computed by looking at the created blocks on the network, and treating each as (2^256 / target) worth of attempts (so approximately 4.3 billion hashes per difficulty per block). That is the expected number of necessary hashes.



        By looking at the blocks, another inaccuracy is introduced: only blocks that end up in the main chain are counted. Some blocks end up on temporary forks because another miner produces another nearly simultaneous competing block that wins. This is only a fraction of a percent today, but it does waste a small amount of hashrate, which also ends up not being counted.






        share|improve this answer













        The number reported is an estimation of the number of block headers iterated through by all miners on the network.



        This means it refers to double-SHA256 hashes performed, not broken down to individual SHA256 operations. This makes the most sense, because even in the very early days (2010, perhaps before), no full SHA256 instances were being computed. Several optimizations let you skip parts of the computation.



        It is an approximation, because the actual hash rate is not observable. It can be computed by looking at the created blocks on the network, and treating each as (2^256 / target) worth of attempts (so approximately 4.3 billion hashes per difficulty per block). That is the expected number of necessary hashes.



        By looking at the blocks, another inaccuracy is introduced: only blocks that end up in the main chain are counted. Some blocks end up on temporary forks because another miner produces another nearly simultaneous competing block that wins. This is only a fraction of a percent today, but it does waste a small amount of hashrate, which also ends up not being counted.







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered 7 hours ago









        Pieter WuillePieter Wuille

        51.7k4 gold badges106 silver badges177 bronze badges




        51.7k4 gold badges106 silver badges177 bronze badges


























            0
















            Hash Rate
            The hash rate is the measuring unit of the processing power of the Bitcoin network. The Bitcoin network must make intensive mathematical operations for security purposes. When the network reached a hash rate of 10 Th/s, it meant it could make 10 trillion calculations per second. Source






            share|improve this answer








            New contributor



            yahiheb is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.





















            • This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

              – Brad Thomas
              8 hours ago







            • 1





              The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

              – yahiheb
              8 hours ago















            0
















            Hash Rate
            The hash rate is the measuring unit of the processing power of the Bitcoin network. The Bitcoin network must make intensive mathematical operations for security purposes. When the network reached a hash rate of 10 Th/s, it meant it could make 10 trillion calculations per second. Source






            share|improve this answer








            New contributor



            yahiheb is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.





















            • This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

              – Brad Thomas
              8 hours ago







            • 1





              The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

              – yahiheb
              8 hours ago













            0














            0










            0









            Hash Rate
            The hash rate is the measuring unit of the processing power of the Bitcoin network. The Bitcoin network must make intensive mathematical operations for security purposes. When the network reached a hash rate of 10 Th/s, it meant it could make 10 trillion calculations per second. Source






            share|improve this answer








            New contributor



            yahiheb is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.









            Hash Rate
            The hash rate is the measuring unit of the processing power of the Bitcoin network. The Bitcoin network must make intensive mathematical operations for security purposes. When the network reached a hash rate of 10 Th/s, it meant it could make 10 trillion calculations per second. Source







            share|improve this answer








            New contributor



            yahiheb is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.








            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer






            New contributor



            yahiheb is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.








            answered 8 hours ago









            yahihebyahiheb

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            • This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

              – Brad Thomas
              8 hours ago







            • 1





              The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

              – yahiheb
              8 hours ago

















            • This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

              – Brad Thomas
              8 hours ago







            • 1





              The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

              – yahiheb
              8 hours ago
















            This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

            – Brad Thomas
            8 hours ago






            This might be useful to others but doesn't give me the information I was looking for with my question... please define "calculation" to answer the detail of my question.

            – Brad Thomas
            8 hours ago





            1




            1





            The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

            – yahiheb
            8 hours ago





            The hash rate is literally how many distinct block header hashes you can try per second. Source

            – yahiheb
            8 hours ago


















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