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In what state are satellites left in when they are left in a graveyard orbit?


What are the end-of-life options for large classified satellites?How are geosynchronous satellites launched to such an incredible height?When there is more power than needed, are satellite photovoltaics shunted or open circuit?How can just making the ground broadcast stronger neutralize a zombie(sat)?Why are deorbited satellites allowed a slow orbit decay instead of burning them up rapidly?Suppose Zuma wasn't “lost” — what would it take to detect it?What influence did Arthur C. Clarke have on early satellite development?Coupling satellites already in orbit reduce drag and debris?Are there any satellites in geosynchronous but not geostationary orbits?






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7












$begingroup$


I had this idea for a fictional scenario in which a forgotten satellite, like a communications satellite that was decommissioned because it was replaced by a newer model, was hacked into and then smashed into another satellite.



And then I realized I have no idea what happens to high-altitude satellites when they are no longer used. Are they completely shut down so that communication with them is no longer possible? I assume communications are secure, passwords and cryptography and stuff, but are they monitored so that hacking attempts would be detected? If they are decommissioned with some fuel left, are they still parked up there or will they be deorbited? Are any satellites, in fact, ever decommissioned before they run out of fuel? Nothing I've read has seemed to quite cover any of that.










share|improve this question









$endgroup$




















    7












    $begingroup$


    I had this idea for a fictional scenario in which a forgotten satellite, like a communications satellite that was decommissioned because it was replaced by a newer model, was hacked into and then smashed into another satellite.



    And then I realized I have no idea what happens to high-altitude satellites when they are no longer used. Are they completely shut down so that communication with them is no longer possible? I assume communications are secure, passwords and cryptography and stuff, but are they monitored so that hacking attempts would be detected? If they are decommissioned with some fuel left, are they still parked up there or will they be deorbited? Are any satellites, in fact, ever decommissioned before they run out of fuel? Nothing I've read has seemed to quite cover any of that.










    share|improve this question









    $endgroup$
















      7












      7








      7





      $begingroup$


      I had this idea for a fictional scenario in which a forgotten satellite, like a communications satellite that was decommissioned because it was replaced by a newer model, was hacked into and then smashed into another satellite.



      And then I realized I have no idea what happens to high-altitude satellites when they are no longer used. Are they completely shut down so that communication with them is no longer possible? I assume communications are secure, passwords and cryptography and stuff, but are they monitored so that hacking attempts would be detected? If they are decommissioned with some fuel left, are they still parked up there or will they be deorbited? Are any satellites, in fact, ever decommissioned before they run out of fuel? Nothing I've read has seemed to quite cover any of that.










      share|improve this question









      $endgroup$




      I had this idea for a fictional scenario in which a forgotten satellite, like a communications satellite that was decommissioned because it was replaced by a newer model, was hacked into and then smashed into another satellite.



      And then I realized I have no idea what happens to high-altitude satellites when they are no longer used. Are they completely shut down so that communication with them is no longer possible? I assume communications are secure, passwords and cryptography and stuff, but are they monitored so that hacking attempts would be detected? If they are decommissioned with some fuel left, are they still parked up there or will they be deorbited? Are any satellites, in fact, ever decommissioned before they run out of fuel? Nothing I've read has seemed to quite cover any of that.







      artificial-satellite geosynchronous end-of-life






      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question











      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question










      asked 8 hours ago









      GregGreg

      1,5373 silver badges10 bronze badges




      1,5373 silver badges10 bronze badges























          1 Answer
          1






          active

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          8














          $begingroup$

          If the satellite is close to the Earth, a last bit of fuel is used to de-orbit it so that it burns up. If it is farther out, it is moved to a retirement orbit out beyond the used orbits.



          The last thing done after moving it to the retirement orbit is to permanently disable the communication system so that it doesn't randomly transmit stuff and put noise on the communication frequencies.



          Here is a Wikipedia article on GOES2 that mentions that the communication system was permanently disabled when the satellite was retired.



          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOES_2






          share|improve this answer









          $endgroup$










          • 2




            $begingroup$
            Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
            $endgroup$
            – Greg
            8 hours ago










          • $begingroup$
            @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
            $endgroup$
            – uhoh
            3 hours ago













          Your Answer








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          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes









          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes









          8














          $begingroup$

          If the satellite is close to the Earth, a last bit of fuel is used to de-orbit it so that it burns up. If it is farther out, it is moved to a retirement orbit out beyond the used orbits.



          The last thing done after moving it to the retirement orbit is to permanently disable the communication system so that it doesn't randomly transmit stuff and put noise on the communication frequencies.



          Here is a Wikipedia article on GOES2 that mentions that the communication system was permanently disabled when the satellite was retired.



          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOES_2






          share|improve this answer









          $endgroup$










          • 2




            $begingroup$
            Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
            $endgroup$
            – Greg
            8 hours ago










          • $begingroup$
            @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
            $endgroup$
            – uhoh
            3 hours ago















          8














          $begingroup$

          If the satellite is close to the Earth, a last bit of fuel is used to de-orbit it so that it burns up. If it is farther out, it is moved to a retirement orbit out beyond the used orbits.



          The last thing done after moving it to the retirement orbit is to permanently disable the communication system so that it doesn't randomly transmit stuff and put noise on the communication frequencies.



          Here is a Wikipedia article on GOES2 that mentions that the communication system was permanently disabled when the satellite was retired.



          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOES_2






          share|improve this answer









          $endgroup$










          • 2




            $begingroup$
            Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
            $endgroup$
            – Greg
            8 hours ago










          • $begingroup$
            @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
            $endgroup$
            – uhoh
            3 hours ago













          8














          8










          8







          $begingroup$

          If the satellite is close to the Earth, a last bit of fuel is used to de-orbit it so that it burns up. If it is farther out, it is moved to a retirement orbit out beyond the used orbits.



          The last thing done after moving it to the retirement orbit is to permanently disable the communication system so that it doesn't randomly transmit stuff and put noise on the communication frequencies.



          Here is a Wikipedia article on GOES2 that mentions that the communication system was permanently disabled when the satellite was retired.



          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOES_2






          share|improve this answer









          $endgroup$



          If the satellite is close to the Earth, a last bit of fuel is used to de-orbit it so that it burns up. If it is farther out, it is moved to a retirement orbit out beyond the used orbits.



          The last thing done after moving it to the retirement orbit is to permanently disable the communication system so that it doesn't randomly transmit stuff and put noise on the communication frequencies.



          Here is a Wikipedia article on GOES2 that mentions that the communication system was permanently disabled when the satellite was retired.



          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOES_2







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered 8 hours ago









          zeta-bandzeta-band

          4523 silver badges7 bronze badges




          4523 silver badges7 bronze badges










          • 2




            $begingroup$
            Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
            $endgroup$
            – Greg
            8 hours ago










          • $begingroup$
            @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
            $endgroup$
            – uhoh
            3 hours ago












          • 2




            $begingroup$
            Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
            $endgroup$
            – Greg
            8 hours ago










          • $begingroup$
            @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
            $endgroup$
            – uhoh
            3 hours ago







          2




          2




          $begingroup$
          Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
          $endgroup$
          – Greg
          8 hours ago




          $begingroup$
          Okay, so deactivating communications is something that is done. It's interesting that the article says the weather satellite was "placed into storage" in 1993 and then reactivated as a communications satellite in 1995. I didn't know they could change careers like that.
          $endgroup$
          – Greg
          8 hours ago












          $begingroup$
          @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
          $endgroup$
          – uhoh
          3 hours ago




          $begingroup$
          @Greg wow that's pretty cool!
          $endgroup$
          – uhoh
          3 hours ago


















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