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Макија Референце Спољашње везе Мени за навигацијуHabitats of the world.The soils of ItalyThe Archaeology of Bronze Age Iberia: Argaric Societies (Routledge Studies in Archaeology)The making of the Cretan landscapeMaking of the ancient greek economy : institutions,markets, and growth in the city-states.„A history of the ecological sciences: early Greek origins”„Ecology in ancient Greece”10.1080/00201747508601756

Станишта


медитеранске жбунасте вегетацијебиотопимаоромедитеранашумаиталијанскешикареАпенинског полуострваСицилијиСардинијиКорзицијадранским












Макија




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За друге употребе, погледајте Макија (вишезначна одредница).



макија на Корзици


Макија је тип густе медитеранске жбунасте вегетације, распрострањен у зимзеленој зони Средоземља. Углавном представља секундарну вегетацију насталу после уништавања шуме. Макију образују зимзелени жбунови са склерофилним и ерикоидним листовима, појединачно ниско дрвеће, као и прутолике форме жбунова. Висина макије најчешће не прелази 4 m.
Макија се развија у оним биотопима који не могу подржати раст високог дрвећа (суве и камените падине оромедитерана), или у областима антропогене деградације природних зимзелених медитеранских шума.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]


Назив макија потиче од италијанске речи за шикаре (macchia). Типичне макије су управо развијене на обалама Апенинског полуострва, на медитеранским острвима Сицилији, Сардинији и Корзици, као и на јадранским острвима.


У зависности од услова развијају се различити типови макије. Асоцијације које су најбујније развијене су оне у којима се налази зимзелено дрвеће(заступљено у већем или мањем броју),иначе карактеристично за твдослисне храстове шуме (Arbutus unedo, Pistacia lentiscus, Myrtus communis).


Посебан тип макије представљају асоцијације са доминацијом врста из рода Cistus и тип макије са олеандром (Nerium oleander) распрострањен на обалама потока и речица.


Значај макије као станишта бројних биљних врста је немјерљив и стога је у многим деловима Еуропе заштићена, и има их јако мало.



Референце




  1. ^ Habitats of the world. New York: Marshall Cavendish. 2006. стр. 488,492—493. ISBN 978-0761475231. Приступљено 26. 11. 2015. 


  2. ^ Costantini, Edoardo A.C. (ed.); Dazzi, Carmelo (ed.) (2013). The soils of Italy. Dordrecht: Springer. стр. 30,78,80,83,255,283. ISBN 978-9400756410. Приступљено 26. 11. 2015. CS1 одржавање: Текст вишка: списак аутора (веза)


  3. ^ Aranda Jimenez, Gonzalo; Montón Subías, Sandra; Sánchez Romero, Margarita (10. 12. 2014). The Archaeology of Bronze Age Iberia: Argaric Societies (Routledge Studies in Archaeology) (Routledge Studies in Archaeology (Book 17) изд.). Routledge. стр. 63—64. ISBN 978-1138821330. Приступљено 26. 11. 2015. 


  4. ^ Rackham, Oliver; Moody, Jennifer (1994). The making of the Cretan landscape. Manchester: Manchester University Press. стр. 14, 23,96. ISBN 978-0719036477. Приступљено 26. 11. 2015. 


  5. ^ Bresson, Alain; Rendall, Steven (translator) (2015). Making of the ancient greek economy : institutions,markets, and growth in the city-states. [S.l.]: Princeton Univ Press. стр. 38, 73,75. ISBN 978-0691144702. Приступљено 26. 11. 2015. 


  6. ^ Egerton, F. N. (2001). „A history of the ecological sciences: early Greek origins” (PDF). Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America. 82 (1): 93—97. 


  7. ^ Hughes, J. D. (1975). „Ecology in ancient Greece”. Inquiry. 18 (2): 115—125. doi:10.1080/00201747508601756. 




Спољашње везе




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Кастелфранко ди Сопра Становништво Референце Спољашње везе Мени за навигацију43°37′18″ СГШ; 11°33′32″ ИГД / 43.62156° СГШ; 11.55885° ИГД / 43.62156; 11.5588543°37′18″ СГШ; 11°33′32″ ИГД / 43.62156° СГШ; 11.55885° ИГД / 43.62156; 11.558853179688„The GeoNames geographical database”„Istituto Nazionale di Statistica”проширитиууWorldCat156923403n850174324558639-1cb14643287r(подаци)

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