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흑사병 의사 복장 설명 각주 참고문헌 둘러보기 메뉴Doktor Schnabel von Rom, engraving by Paul Fürst (after J Columbina), Rome 1656.American Medical Association - JAMA.: The Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 34, p. 639A History of Fire and Flameonline as PDF, 28Mb downloadQJM: An International Journal of MedicineThe Mirror of literature, amusement, and instruction

의학 기기흑사병 의사방독면


흑사병 의사방독면포말전염설매균설












흑사병 의사 복장




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흑사병 의사 복장(黑死病 醫師 服裝)은 흑사병 의사가 공기로 전염되는 질병으로부터 스스로를 보호하기 위해 착용한 의복이었다. 17세기부터 시작된 이 의상은 발목까지 내려오는 오버코트와 대개 달콤하거나 강한 냄새가 나는 재료(주로 라벤더)를 채운 새 부리 모양의 가면과 함께 장갑, 장화, 챙 달린 모자, 겉옷을 덧입는 것으로 이루어진다.[1]



설명




17세기 독일의 흑사병 의사 복장.


가면에는 시야 확보를 위한 유리 개구부와 새처럼 휘어진 부리가 있다. 의사의 코 앞에 끈으로 부리를 고정하였다. 가면은 두 개의 작은 콧구멍이 달려 있는, 향료를 담은 방독면의 일종이었다.[2] 부리에는 말린 꽃(장미와 카네이션 등)이나 허브(민트 등), 향신료, 장뇌, 식초 해면같은 것을 담았다.[3][4] 가면의 목적은 포말전염설이 매균설에 의해 논파되기 전, 질병의 주요 감염 원인으로 여겼던 악취를 피하기 위한 것이었다.[1][5] 의사들은 허브가 흑사병의 "악한" 냄새에 맞서 감염되지 않도록 예방할 것이라 믿었다.[5]


흑사병 의사들은 부리 가면 복장에 더해 자신들의 직업을 나타낼 수 있도록 넓은 챙이 달린 가죽 모자를 썼다.[1][6] 보아야 할 부분을 가리키고 환자들을 만지지 않고 진찰하기 위해 나무로 된 지팡이를 사용했다.[7] 지팡이는 또한 사람을 멀리하기 위해 사용하였는데,[8] 이것으로 아무런 접촉 없이 흑사병 감염자의 옷을 벗기고 환자의 맥박을 잴 수 있었다.[1][9]



각주




  1. ↑ 가나다라
    • Pommerville (Body Systems), p. 15

    • Bauer, p. 145

    • Abrams, p. 257

    • Byfield, p. 26

    • Glaser, pp. 33-34




  2. ↑
    • Time-Life Books, pp. 140, 158

    • Dolan, p. 139

    • Ellis, p. 202

    • Paton

    • Martin, p. 121

    • Sherman, p. 162

    • Turner, p. 180

    • Mentzel, p. 86

    • Glaser, p. 36

    • Hall, p. 67

    • Infectious Diseases Society of America, Volume 11, p. 819

    • Grolier, p. 700




  3. ↑ O'Donnell, p. 135


  4. ↑ Stuart, p. 15


  5. ↑ 가나 Ellis, p. 202


  6. ↑ Center for Advanced Study in Theatre Arts, p. 83


  7. ↑ Doktor Schnabel von Rom, engraving by Paul Fürst (after J Columbina), Rome 1656.


  8. ↑ American Medical Association - JAMA.: The Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 34, p. 639


  9. ↑ Pommerville, p. 9



참고문헌



  • Abrams, J. J., The Road Not Taken, Simon & Schuster, 2005, ISBN 1-4169-2483-3

  • Bauer, S. Wise, The Story of the World Activity Book Two: The Middle Ages : From the Fall of Rome to the Rise of the Renaissance, Peace Hill Press, 2003, ISBN 0-9714129-4-4

  • Boeckl, Christine M., Images of plague and pestilence: iconography and iconology, Truman State Univ Press, 2000, ISBN 0-943549-85-X

  • Byfield, Ted, Renaissance: God in Man, A.D. 1300 to 1500: But Amid Its Splendors, Night Falls on Medieval Christianity, Christian History Project, 2010, ISBN 0-9689873-8-9

  • Byrne, Joseph Patrick, Encyclopedia of Pestilence, Pandemics, and Plagues, ABC-CLIO, 2008, ISBN 0-313-34102-8

  • Carmichael, Ann G., "SARS and Plagues Past", in SARS in Context: Memory, history, policy, ed. by Jacalyn Duffin and Arthur Sweetman McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2006, ISBN 0-7735-3194-7

  • Center for Advanced Study in Theatre Arts, Western European stages, Volume 14, CASTA, 2002,

  • Dolan, Josephine, Goodnow's History of Nursing , W. B. Saunders 1963 (Philadelphia and London), Library of Congress No. 16-25236

  • Ellis, Oliver Coligny de Champfleur, A History of Fire and Flame, London: Simkin, Marshall, 1932; repr. Kessinger, 2004, ISBN 1-4179-7583-0

  • Goodnow, Minnie, Goodnow's history of nursing , W.B. Saunders Co., 1968, OCLC Number: 7085173

  • Glaser, Gabrielle, The Nose: A Profile of Sex, Beauty, and Survival , Simon & Schuster, 2003, ISBN 0-671-03864-8

  • Grolier Incorporated, The Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 8; Volume 24, Grolier Incorporated, 1998, ISBN 0-7172-0130-9

  • Hall, Manly Palmer, Horizon, Philosophical Research Society, Inc., 1949

  • Hirst, Leonard Fabian, The conquest of plague: a study of the evolution of epidemiology, Clarendon Press, 1953,

  • Infectious Diseases Society of America, Reviews of infectious diseases, Volume 11, University of Chicago Press, 1989

  • Kenda, Barbara, Aeolian winds and the spirit in Renaissance architecture: Academia Eolia revisited, Taylor & Francis, 2006, ISBN 0-415-39804-5

  • Killinger, Charles L., Culture and customs of Italy, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005, ISBN 0-313-32489-1

  • Nohl, Johannes, The Black Death: A Chronicle of the Plague, J. & J. Harper Edition 1969, Library of Congress No. 79-81867

  • Manget, Jean-Jacques, Traité de la peste recueilli des meilleurs auteurs anciens et modernes, Geneva, 1721, online as PDF, 28Mb download

  • Martin, Sean, The Black Death, Book Sales, 2009, ISBN 0-7858-2289-5

  • Mentzel, Peter, A traveller's history of Venice , Interlink Books, 2006, ISBN 1-56656-611-8

  • O'Donnell, Terence, History of life insurance in its formative years, American Conservation Company, 1936

  • Paton, Alex, "Cover image", QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 100.4, 4 April 2007. (A commentary on the issue's cover photograph of The Posy Tree, Mapperton, Dorset.)

  • Pommerville, Jeffrey, Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology: Body Systems, Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2009, ISBN 0-7637-6259-8

  • Pommerville, Jeffrey, Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology, Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2010, ISBN 0-7637-6258-X

  • Reynolds, Richard C., On doctor[i]ng: stories, poems, essays, Simon & Schuster, 2001, ISBN 0-7432-0153-1

  • Sandler, Merton, Wine: a scientific exploration, CRC Press, 2003, ISBN 0-415-24734-9

  • Sherman, Irwin W., The power of plagues, Wiley-Blackwell, 2006, ISBN 1-55581-356-9

  • Stuart, David C., Dangerous garden: the quest for plants to change our lives, frances lincoln ltd, 2004, ISBN 0-7112-2265-7

  • Timbs, John, The Mirror of literature, amusement, and instruction, Volume 37, J. Limbird, 1841

  • Time-Life Books, What life was like in the age of chivalry: medieval Europe, AD 800-1500, 1997

  • Turner, Jack, Spice: The History of a Temptation , Random House, 2005, ISBN 0-375-70705-0

  • Walker, Kenneth, The story of medicine , Oxford University Press, 1955









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