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Antiemetik Antagonisti serotonina Spoljašnje veze Мени за навигацијуwww.anestezija.orgуу

ЛековиАнтиеметици


lekovimučninepovraćanjaAntihistaminiparasimpatoliticihemoterapijeanestetikatietilperazin5-HT3 receptoraondansetrongranisetrontropisetrondolasetronserotoninamučninepovraćanjaserotoninaondansetronhemoterapijetropisetrongranisetrondolasetronMDIGtgpphysdevpenzynococongtumrsysieponprocdrugA2A2B345671416blte












Antiemetik




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Antiemetici su lekovi protiv mučnine i povraćanja.


Kao antiemetici mogu poslužiti:



  • antihistamini (dimenhidrinat),


  • propulzivi (metoklopramid),


  • parasimpatolitici,


  • kortikosteroidi,

  • benzodiazepini

  • cerijum oksalat

Antihistamini i parasimpatolitici se najčešće koriste kod bolesti vožnje dok se kod hemoterapije i postoperativnog lečenja mučnine i povraćanja (zbog anestetika) koriste fenotiazinski antiemetik tietilperazin, ili antagonisti 5-HT3 receptora, kao što su ondansetron, granisetron, tropisetron i dolasetron (antagonisti serotonina).



Antagonisti serotonina


Brojna istraživanja su dokazala važnu ulogu serotonina (5-hidroksitriptamin, 5-HT) u izazivanju mučnine i povraćanja. Receptori serotonina se nalaze u centru za povraćanje, pogotovo 5-HT3 receptori. Blokada upravo tih receptora sprečava simptome mučnine i povraćanja. Prvi takav antiemetik bio je ondansetron, a i danas je izrazito korišten u sprečavanju povraćanja kod hemoterapije i nakon operacija. Danas postoji niz drug likova ovog tipa, na primer: tropisetron, granisetron i dolasetron.



Spoljašnje veze



  • www.anestezija.org









Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antiemetik&oldid=20882057”










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