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Beauty and the beast







She was the biggest pop star in the Balkans, he was a bank robber, gangster, politician, paramilitary leader and war criminal. 'Ceca' Raznatovic tells Adam Higginbotham about living with Arkan

Read part two of the interview here







It's been nearly four years now, but the concierge at the Intercontinental Hotel doesn't need to think about it for a second. He remembers exactly where it happened and rattles out directions as if asked the way to a tiresome tourist attraction: 'Outside restaurant,' he says, in quick but fractured English. 'Seating place - second seating place on the left.'


And over there, across the spotlit marble, chrome and glass foyer of New Belgrade's flashiest hotel, on the cracked, aubergine-coloured leather banquette right outside the Rotisserie restaurant, is the very spot where they killed Arkan. Late in the afternoon of Saturday 15 January 2000, four men in tracksuits walked over to him and his bodyguards. One asked if they knew whether the hotel gym was open, and the others opened fire at close range with Heckler and Koch sub-machine guns. Investigators later said that at least 38 bullets were fired: Arkan was hit three times in the face. One bullet entered through his mouth, another through the temple, the third through his left eye.


Ceca was shopping with her sister Lidija in the hotel boutique at the time. 'And when the shooting stopped,' she says, 'I ran out and saw what had happened...' Sitting at a coffee table in the office of FC Obilic, the football club she and Arkan bought together, Ceca reaches for another of her Cartier cigarettes, and hesitates. She is on the brink of tears. 'It's very difficult for me to talk about it... I'll never forget any of that day.' Her husband was still alive when she and Lidija carried him out to the car. But by the time they reached the Belgrade Emergency Centre at 6.50pm, it was too late: 'He died,' she says, 'in my arms.'


The murder seemed to mark the end of the unlikely story of Serbia's most famous glamour couple; of the five-year marriage between Svetlana 'Ceca' Raznatovic - the biggest pop star in the Balkans - and Zeljko 'Arkan' Raznatovic - bank robber, gangster, politician, paramilitary leader and indicted war criminal. For Ceca herself, however, there would be more to come. 'I'm only 30,' she will say eventually, 'but even in Hollywood you can't find a life-story like mine.'


Barely anyone in Western Europe has ever heard of Ceca. You can't buy her records in the shops and she's never been on tour - indeed, for a long time, she was forbidden from entering many countries in the European Union. But in Serbia, Svetlana Velickovic Raznatovic has been as famous as Madonna for much of the past 15 years. In that time, she rose from local to international celebrity in the Balkans, sold millions of records and became hugely wealthy. At the same time, the country she lives in was transformed from the most cosmopolitan and liberal state in Eastern Europe into a backward, bankrupt province - one which has become a byword for atrocity and corruption.


As Ceca shot to fame against the backdrop of war and genocide wrought by Serbian president Slobodan Milosevic, her life would provide captivating entertainment for the population of the unravelling nation. But by the time her husband died in her lap in the back of a car in Belgrade, she was much more than just a pop star with a curious taste in men: she had become the hood ornament of Milosevic's gangster-state machine. And when she was arrested earlier this year - in the company of Belgrade mobsters connected with the March assassination of reforming prime minister Zoran Djindjic - the rise and fall of Ceca Raznatovic had become emblematic of the forces of greed and anarchy that destroyed Yugoslavia.


'After Djindjic was killed, there was a lot of excitement about the organised crime arrests,' says sociologist Professor Eric Gordy, a Balkan expert who has followed Ceca's career since the outset. 'But what people were really excited about was Ceca being arrested, because it seemed to signify the end of an era.'


Ceca rarely gives interviews these days. Since her arrest, the Serbian media have turned against her; Arkan, once described routinely as a patriotic hero by the press, has now been recast as the perpetrator of atrocities. She was recently stung to learn that one British paper had described her as being Eva Braun to Arkan's Hitler. And when we finally meet, on a bleak, wet October afternoon in Belgrade - after weeks of negotiation and two cancelled appointments - she is friendly but nervous. She chain-smokes constantly and takes small sips from a tall glass of lager - 'I love Heineken,' she says. She wears leather trousers and stiletto boots, and a diaphanous white blouse designed to showcase her expensive cleavage to maximum effect. Every piece of jewellery she wears - the heart-shaped necklace, the giant hoop earrings, the watch, the enormous hemispherical ring - is studded with diamonds. But she looks quite unlike the hard-faced, orange-tinted marvel of contemporary plastic surgery depicted in photographs: in person, Ceca is quite beautiful.


She says she doesn't speak English; she was only taught Russian at school; and although she's learning English now, she can best express herself in Serbian. We have to speak through a translator, 'so,' she tells me, 'follow my reactions closely'. But sometimes she answers a question before the translation is complete, and every now and then, when she wants to make a point, she will slip briefly into crisp English, look me straight in the eye and deliver an emphatic 'Yes' or 'No'. Ceca is full of convenient excuses and vaporous denials. When, for example, I ask if Arkan ever talked to her about the crimes he was accused of, she simply says, 'No'. But in a country where criminality and corruption are so endemic that one cabinet minister says he fears Serbia is becoming 'the Colombia of Europe', the truth can be an elusive concept.


In conversation, she likes to characterise herself as a tragic icon of Serbian womanhood - a God-fearing Christian who loves her children above all else, struggling bravely against injustice. 'I am fragile and emotional,' she tells me. And, 'What doesn't kill me makes me stronger'. I ask Ceca what people in Serbia think of her now. 'That I'm a victim,' she says. 'A victim of my name and my huge popularity, and of my great love... that I was married to Zeljko. I'm not a criminal. I'm not a Mafioso. I'm just a woman who's fighting her way through life.'


Svetlana Velickovic always wanted to be famous: 'Singing, or modelling... or perhaps as an actress.' She grew up in Zitoradje, a small town in southern Serbia, near the Romanian border. She remembers two things about the bedroom she had as a child: that it was filled with dolls, and that it contained an enormous mirror. 'I adored it. I loved spending hours and hours in front of it. Nobody could tear me away. I kept telling my mother, "I'm going to be a big star one day."' She has been singing in public since she was five. At the age of 10, she began appearing live as a guest of established Yugoslavian folk singers. She played up and down the country, to the almost exclusively male audiences of the kafana, the slightly seedy bar-restaurants at the heart of every Balkan town and village, where men gather to eat, drink and sing late into the night. She toured the Balkans and played for the expatriate communities of Yugoslav 'guest workers' in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.


In 1987, she recorded her first album. Like all her material before and since, it dwelt on sentimental and dramatic love stories for Yugoslavia's rural masses: for farmers, lorry drivers and housewives: 'If I was American,' she says, 'I would definitely be singing country music. It's the same as Serbian folk: it speaks to people.'


At 14, she had a perky, girl-next-door image, and her first hit: with the song 'Cvetak Zanovetak' - 'the Nagging Flower'. It was a mildly suggestive song with risque words, which played on Ceca's latent sexuality: 'Until I was 16,' she says now, 'I didn't understand what I was singing about.'


It made her a star overnight. By the beginning of the Nineties, Ceca was one of the biggest names in Yugoslavia. Meanwhile, her future husband was about to get his big break - in 1991, war broke out in Croatia.


Like much of the recent history of Serbia, the life of Zeljko 'Arkan' Raznatovic seems to test the limits of credibility, and is shot through with myth, rumour and deliberate distortion. But there is a version of the story that has become recognised as true, if only through repetition. Some parts of it - especially the most horrifying chapters - are even supported by hard evidence.


Born in 1952, Zeljko was the son of a Yugoslav air force colonel, and apparently graduated from catering and hotel management college in Belgrade. But he had been a petty criminal since the age of 14 - snatching purses in Belgrade's Kalemegdan Park - and in 1969 he was arrested for the first time and sentenced to three years in a juvenile prison. In an attempt to straighten him out, it's said his desperate father appealed to contacts in the Yugoslav State Security Service - the UDBA - to find a suitable outlet for his talents.


Yet the next time he re-emerged, it was in Western Europe: as a career criminal with an uncanny ability for prison escapes. Throughout the Seventies, he crisscrossed the continent, holding up banks in Holland, Belgium, Germany, Sweden and Italy. Fellow gangster Goran Vukovic once infamously observed: 'Of all of us, Arkan robbed the most banks; he walked into them like they were self-service stores... as far as robbery is concerned, he was really unsurpassed.'


Nevertheless, Zeljko kept getting caught. The Belgians got him in 1974, and the following year sentenced him to 15 years in jail. He escaped three years and eight months into his sentence. In late 1979, he was arrested in Holland for his part in three armed robberies, and sentenced to seven years. But he escaped again, less than two years later. In 1981, he was wounded and apprehended during the course of a raid in Frankfurt. The Germans put him in the prison hospital; he got away again. At one point, he is also said to have rescued an accomplice from a Swedish courtroom by bursting in armed with two pistols, and tossing one to his friend in the dock while threatening the judge with the other.


This remarkable series of break-outs was almost certainly facilitated by Zeljko's friends in the UDBA, for whom, it seems, he had worked since leaving Yugoslavia. In return for their help in underwriting his criminal career, Zeljko had become a UDBA hitman, assassinating emigre opponents of Marshal Tito's regime at large in Europe. He was said to have passports in three different nationalities and 40 aliases - including the name by which he was to become known. For the newly christened Arkan, it was the beginning of a long and profitable relationship with the authorities in Belgrade.


In 1986, Arkan went home and opened a renowned patisserie and ice-cream parlour near the Red Star Belgrade football ground. He built a house directly opposite the stadium. He was made head of the Red Star Supporters' Club - with the tacit collusion of state and club officials, who wanted him to rein in fans that had begun to provide a focus for anti-communist, anti-government agitation. And, finally, on 11 October 1990, with the state of Yugoslavia beginning its long disintegration, Arkan officially incorporated his own paramilitary force: the Serbian Volunteer Guard - known as Arkan's Tigers. The core of his private army was drawn from the Red Star terraces: 'We trained fans without weapons. I insisted on discipline from the very beginning. You know our fans - they're noisy, they like to drink, to joke about. I stopped all that in one go. I made them cut their hair, shave regularly, not drink. And so it began,' he said, 'the way it should be.'


When fighting broke out in eastern Slovenia, Arkan and his 1,000-strong football hooligan army - equipped and controlled directly by the Serbian interior ministry - became shock troops of ethnic cleansing. The Tigers murdered under the banner of Serbian nationalism, but were motivated by the dynamics of organised crime - looting front-line areas and stealing whatever they could lay their hands on, while Arkan took control of local sanctions busting, petrol smuggling and war profiteering rackets. They were there at Vukovar in 1991, linked by the Hague war crimes tribunal to the Vukovar hospital massacre, in which hundreds of mainly Croat patients were bussed to a deserted field and summarily executed.


They were there again at the outset of the Bosnian war at Bijeljina in 1992, killing or running the terrified Muslim population out of town and looting their homes. The things they did there would make Arkan and his men infamous throughout the world. That same year, Arkan was elected to parliament; in 1993, he founded his own political party. And on 11 October 1993, at the Tigers' training camp in Erdut, at a celebration to mark the paramilitaries' third anniversary, Ceca and Arkan met for the first time.


'He was very cute, very handsome and very masculine,' says Ceca. 'I fell in love with him instantly. I respect people who are fighters, who succeed in life, who don't give up - because life is a constant struggle.'


Did she ever find it difficult being married to such a controversial figure, someone regarded across Europe as a war criminal?


'To me, what my people thought about it was the important thing. And we were the most popular couple in Serbia - in his own country, he had a reputation as a great patriot. And to me, he was a great husband. He had two children with me, and from a previous marriage he had had seven. And he was very much drawn to women, and always protective toward them. He was a great, great gentleman. And I'll never love anyone like I loved him.'


Does she think she'll marry again?


'Hardly,' she whispers.


In Serbia, the war changed many things beyond recognition. Pop music was one of them. During the Eighties, Yugoslavia had been renowned for its vibrant countercultural rock scene. But with the war came music custom-built for a profiteering regime peddling ersatz nationalism to an isolated populace: 'turbo-folk', a brash, plastic mix of traditional folk and modern electro-pop beats. It became the house style of expensive new venues in New Belgrade, such as the Folkoteka, and the sound of the trashy new Milosevic-sponsored television stations - TV Pink and TV Palma - which broadcast turbo-folk videos almost to the exclusion of all other music.


Serbia was being brought to its knees by hyperinflation - peaking, in 1994, at more than 313 million per cent. It eradicated the middle class and sent practically everyone reeling into grinding poverty. But turbo-folk celebrated the trappings of the new wealth - in the words of Dragan Ambrosovic, music writer for Belgrade's Vreme magazine, it was 'the money without origin'.


This was music for the new social elite created by the war: the gangsters who, in collusion with the government, were becoming wealthy from smuggling and racketeering. The videos of artists such as Snezana Babic - Sneki - and Dragana Mirkovic were filled with gold jewellery, luxury cars and huge new houses; they depicted young women in knock-off Versace living it up in the mirrored bars and casinos of Belgrade's luxury hotels - the Intercontinental, the Hyatt and the Metropolitan. One famous turbo-folk lyric of the time runs: 'Coca-Cola, Marlboro, Suzuki/Discotheques, guitars and bouzouki/That's life, that's not an ad/Nobody has it better than us'.


As gangsters took over Belgrade, turbo-folk became the soundtrack to the underworld - the music of choice for the shaven-headed young men known as the dizelasi, because of their fondness for Diesel clothes and the fuel smuggling from which they made their money. 'Turbo folk,' said Petar Popovic, director of the country's state-run record company in 1994, 'is the sound of the war and everything that the war brought to this country. It represents everything that has happened to this country over the past few years.'


And of all the turbo-folk stars, Ceca was the greatest. By 1992, the bubble-permed, folk-singing girl-next-door had been transformed into a smoky-eyed vixen in micro-minis and dresses slashed to the hip. TV made her a star: her videos were the flashiest and most expensive in the genre, and looked just like those on MTV.


She embarked on a scandalous private life to match. In 1991 she eloped to Switzerland with a Muslim restaurateur, and later hooked up with Dejan 'Saban' Majanovic, a minor Belgrade gangster. The beleaguered Serbian public loved it all. 'In a country where the majority of the people are on the edge of poverty,' says Ambrosovic, 'no one questions any sort of success too much. And Ceca created the image of the modest-but-reckless girl from the village, who hit the big city looking for a better life, and took chances to achieve her dreams.'


Arkan and Ceca were married on 19 February 1995. 'My parents are very proud, because I am going to marry the bravest man in the country,' she said. It was the most spectacular wedding Serbia had ever seen. The event began before dawn, with a convoy of 40 SUVs driving the 300km from Belgrade to Zitoradje, where Arkan was to claim Ceca as his bride by shooting an apple off the roof of her parents' house and, in a touch not drawn from any tradition more authentic than Cinderella, the best man fitted the bride with a golden stiletto. For the ceremony, Arkan wore a vintage First World War Serbian officer's uniform; Ceca wore a dress inspired by Gone with the Wind. The event finished seven costume changes later - three for him, four for her - with a party at the Intercontinental Hotel.


The Milosevic regime embraced the event with gusto: the wedding was broadcast live on state television and made the front page of the government-backed newspaper. Ceca and Arkan were perfect for one another - she brought him added glamour and celebrity; he brought her the money and strong-arm influence that placed her beyond the reach of her closest turbo-folk competitors. 'Arkan bought the best songs and video clips money could buy,' says Ambrosovic. 'She was simply untouchable.' The marriage was the high point of a personality cult that made the couple aspirational role models throughout the country. 'The relationship between Arkan and Ceca,' wrote one magazine at the time, 'is more than just an ordinary love affair between two mortals.' When a two-hour video of the wedding, Ceca and Arkan, was released, it sold 100,000 copies, a record in Serbia.


The end of 1995 brought the signing of the Dayton Accords and the end of the fighting in Bosnia, officially putting Arkan's Tigers out of business. But the war had made him one of the richest men in Serbia. He abandoned his military fatigues for Italian suit, and began to legitimise himself. In addition to the plush casino at the Hotel Yugoslavia and his chain of Serb Crown bakeries, he invested in boutiques, property development, oilfields, a radio station, and began planning to build Belgrade's biggest business centre. And he finally managed to get his own football club. When overtures to his beloved Red Star were rebuffed, Arkan settled for buying FC Obilic, an old amateur club languishing in the third division.


As chairman, he quickly introduced new management techniques. Promising players were bought up from smaller, provincial sides; rival managers who didn't want to let their players go were persuaded otherwise. Another prominent gangster-turned-football-manager was shot dead after refusing to sell a player to Arkan; the player himself was thrown into the boot of a car and driven to Obilic, where he sensibly agreed to sign a contract. The matches themselves were scarcely more sportsmanlike: opposition players would receive threatening phone calls the night before key games, and Arkan was known to simply walk into opponents' dressing rooms on the day of the match and inform the team that they should lose - or face the consequences. One way or another, FC Obilic suddenly became a very successful side: by 1998, they were Yugoslavian league champions and playing in the UEFA Champions' League.


But the most popular couple in Serbia was still dogged by the past. One story told has them appearing on a TV Pink chat show, when a female viewer called in to compliment Ceca on her beautiful gold and diamond necklace - and accurately described an inscription on it. The host of the show asked how she could possibly know what was written on Ceca's jewellery. 'Because Arkan stole it from me in Bijeljina,' said the caller.


In September 1999 a sealed indictment to bring Arkan to trial on war crimes charges was finally made public; it made it impossible for him to travel in Europe, and UEFA made apparent their displeasure at having a man accused of mass murder at the head of a Champions' League club. Ceca took over as chairman of FC Obilic shortly afterward. At the time of his assassination, Arkan was Serbia's most well-connected and damaging potential witness against Slobodan Milosevic.


For a year after her husband's death, Ceca says she barely left the house; she wore black and mourned. But in June 2001, she staged a huge 'comeback' concert for 70,000 fans - almost all of them the teenage girls who had grown up on her music - at the Red Star Belgrade stadium. It had always been Arkan's dream to see her play there:


'I was thinking of never going back to singing again, but I knew he would have insisted. That's why I dedicated the concert to him.'




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Кастелфранко ди Сопра Становништво Референце Спољашње везе Мени за навигацију43°37′18″ СГШ; 11°33′32″ ИГД / 43.62156° СГШ; 11.55885° ИГД / 43.62156; 11.5588543°37′18″ СГШ; 11°33′32″ ИГД / 43.62156° СГШ; 11.55885° ИГД / 43.62156; 11.558853179688„The GeoNames geographical database”„Istituto Nazionale di Statistica”проширитиууWorldCat156923403n850174324558639-1cb14643287r(подаци)