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Dopaminski transporter Садржај Funkcija Mehanizam Interakcije Vidi još Reference Spoljašnje veze Мени за навигацијуSLC6A312645555547SLC6A3More reference expression dataprotein N-terminus bindingdopamine:sodium symporter activitymetal ion bindingneurotransmitter:sodium symporter activitydopamine transmembrane transporter activitydopamine bindingвезивање за протеине плазмевезивање лекаsymporter activitymonoamine transmembrane transporter activitymacromolecular complex bindingprotease bindingвезивања рецептораprotein phosphatase 2A bindingцитоплазмасаставни део мембранемембранаћелијска мембранаintegral component of plasma membraneповршина ћелијеаксонflotillin complexтело нервне ћелијеLipidni splavpresynapseneuron projectiondopaminergic synapseintegral component of postsynaptic membraneintegral component of presynaptic membraneреакција на кокаинprepulse inhibitionresponse to organic cyclic compoundlocomotory behaviordopamine biosynthetic processреакција на никотинбиолошко старењеneurotransmitter biosynthetic processmonoamine transportadenohypophysis developmentregulation of dopamine metabolic processresponse to iron ionsensory perception of smelldopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissiondopamine catabolic processdopamine transportpositive regulation of multicellular organism growthresponse to cAMPlactationреакција на етанолneurotransmitter transportresponse to drugdopamine uptakeмеђумембрански преносneurotransmitter uptakeAmigoQuickGO6531ENSG00000142319ENSG00000276996Q01959NM_001044NP_001035„Human PubMed Reference:”211704610.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04599.x147865310.1016/S0888-7543(05)80138-796580251251185810.1038/nrn10088994051837183510.1007/BF009982791267253810.1016/S0304-3940(03)00097-11129265110.1096/fj.00-0334com1134364910.1016/S0896-6273(01)00267-712177201„Mutations at tyrosine 88, lysine 92 and tyrosine 470 of human dopamine transporter result in an attenuation of HIV-1 Tat-induced inhibition of dopamine transport”1557-190443888692560466610.1007/s11481-015-9583-3„Mutation of tyrosine 470 of human dopamine transporter is critical for HIV-1 Tat-induced inhibition of dopamine transport and transporter conformational transitions”1557-190437400802364513810.1007/s11481-013-9464-61559-11822171729210.1007/s12035-011-8195-zDopamine transporter-related Associations, Experiments, Publications and Clinical TrialsDopamine+Transporter

АмфетаминБиологија хиперкинетичког поремећајаМембранска биологијаТранспортери неуротрансмитераФамилија траспортера растворкаДопамин


6531ENSG00000142319ENSG00000276996Q01959neurotransmiterdopaminsinaptičkog rascepacitozolvezikulesinapsinorepinefrinskog transporterahiperkinetički poremećajbipolarni poremećajklinička depresijaalkoholizamGeneksonakbpgenetičkog polimorfizmaVNTRDAT1integralni membranski proteinsinaptičke pukotineDopaminsimporterkotransportNa+jonaClNa+/K+ ATPazemonoaminskog transporteraelektrofiziologijamembranskog potencijalainterakcijeHIV-1Tatneurokognitivnim premećajima vezanim za HIV










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Dopaminski transporter




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SLC6A3
Dopamine Transporter.jpg
Identifikatori
Alijasi
SLC6A3, familija transportera rastvorka 6 (neurotransmiterski transporter), DAT, DAT1, PKDYS, familija transportera rastvorka 6 član 3, Dopaminski transporter
Spoljašnji IDOMIM: 126455 HomoloGene: 55547 GeneCards: SLC6A3
Obrazac RNK izražavanja
PBB GE SLC6A3 206836 at fs.png
More reference expression data






Ortolozi
VrsteČovekMiš
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001044

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001035

n/a

Location (UCSC)n/an/a

PubMed search
[1]n/a
Wikidata


View/Edit Human

Dopaminski transporter (ili dopaminski aktivni transporter, DAT, SLC6A3) je transmembranski protein koji pumpa neurotransmiter dopamin iz sinaptičkog rascepa nazad u citozol. U citosolu, drugi transporteri sekvestriraju dopamin u vezikule za čuvanje i kasnije otpuštanje. Ponovni unos dopamina pomoću DAT pruža primarni mehanizam putem koga se dopamin uklanja iz sinapsi, mada mogu da postoje izuzeci u prefrontalnom korteksu, gde evidencija ukazuje na mogućnost veće uloge norepinefrinskog transportera.[2]


DAT je impliciran u brojnim poremećajima vezanim za dopamin, među kojima su hiperkinetički poremećaj, bipolarni poremećaj, klinička depresija, i alkoholizam. Gen koji kodira DAT protein je lociran na ljudskom hromozomu 5, sastoji se od 15 kodirajućih eksona, i dug je oko 64 kbp. Evidenciza za asocijacije između DAT i poremećaja vezanih za dopamin potiče od tipa genetičkog polimorfizma, poznatog kao VNTR, u DAT genu (DAT1), koji utiče na količinu izraženog proteina.[3]




Садржај





  • 1 Funkcija


  • 2 Mehanizam


  • 3 Interakcije


  • 4 Vidi još


  • 5 Reference


  • 6 Spoljašnje veze




Funkcija


DAT je integralni membranski protein koji uklanja dopamin iz sinaptičke pukotine i deponuje ga u okolne ćelije, čime se prekida signal neurotransmitera. Dopamin podupire nekoliko aspekata spoznaje, uključujući nagradu, i DAT olakšava regulaciju tog signala.[4]



Mehanizam


DAT je simporter koji prenosi dopamin preko ćelijske membrane sprezanjem premeštanja sa energetski povoljnim kretanjem natrijumovih jona koji se kreću od visoke do niske koncentracije u ćeliji. Za DAT funkcionisanje je neophodno sekvencijalno vezivanje i kotransport dva Na+ jona i jednog Cl jona sa dopaminskim supstratom. Pogonska sila za DAT-posredovano preuzimanje dopamina je jonski koncentracioni gradijent generisan putem Na+/K+ ATPaze ćelijske membrane.[5]


U najšire prihvaćenom modelu funkcije monoaminskog transportera, joni natrijuma se moraju vezati za ekstracelularni domen transportera pre nego što se dopamin može vezivati. Nakon vezivanja dopamina, protein podleže konformacionoj promeni, koja omogućava da se natrijum i dopamin oslobode na intracelularnoj strani membrane.[6]


Studije u kojima se korišteni elektrofiziologija i radioaktivno obeležavanje su potvrdile da je dopaminski transporter sličan sa drugim monoaminskim transporterima u smislu da se jedan molekul neurotransmitera može preneti kroz membranu sa jednim ili dva jona natrijuma. Hloridni joni su isto tako potrebni da bi se sprečio porast pozitivnog naelektrisanja. Te studije su isto tako pokazale da su brzina transporta i njen smer u potpunosti zavisni od natrijumskog gradijenta.[7]


Usled bliske sprege membranskog potencijala i natrijumskog gradijenta, aktivnošću indukovane promene membranske polarnosti mogu dramatično da utiču na brzinu transporta. Dodatno, transporter može da doprinese oslobađanju dopamina kad se neuron depolarizuje.[7]



Interakcije


Dopaminski transporter formira interakcije sa:



  • Alfa-sinuklein,[8][9]


  • PICK1,[10] and


  • TGFB1I1.[11]

Osim ovih urođenih protein-protein interakcija, nedavne studije su demonstrirale da viralni proteini kao što je HIV-1 Tat protein formiraju interakcije sa DAT[12][13] i to vezivanje može da poremeti domapinsku homeostazu kod HIV pozitivnih osoba, što doprinosi neurokognitivnim premećajima vezanim za HIV.[14]



Vidi još



  • Monoaminski transporter

  • Norepinefrinski transporter

  • Serotoninski transporter

  • Glutamatni transporter



Reference




  1. ^ „Human PubMed Reference:”. 


  2. ^ Carboni E, Tanda GL, Frau R, Di Chiara G (1990). „Blockade of the noradrenaline carrier increases extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex: evidence that dopamine is taken up in vivo by noradrenergic terminals”. J. Neurochem. 55 (3): 1067—70. PMID 2117046. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04599.x. 


  3. ^ Vandenbergh DJ, Persico AM, Hawkins AL, Griffin CA, Li X, Jabs EW, Uhl GR (1992). „Human dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) maps to chromosome 5p15.3 and displays a VNTR”. Genomics. 14 (4): 1104—6. PMID 1478653. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80138-7. 


  4. ^ Schultz W (1998). „Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons”. J. Neurophysiol. 80 (1): 1—27. PMID 9658025. 


  5. ^ Torres GE, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG (2003). „Plasma membrane monoamine transporters: structure, regulation and function”. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 4 (1): 13—25. PMID 12511858. doi:10.1038/nrn1008. 


  6. ^ Sonders MS, Zhu SJ, Zahniser NR, Kavanaugh MP, Amara SG (1997). „Multiple ionic conductances of the human dopamine transporter: the actions of dopamine and psychostimulants”. J. Neurosci. 17 (3): 960—74. PMID 8994051. 


  7. 7,07,1 Wheeler DD, Edwards AM, Chapman BM, Ondo JG (1993). „A model of the sodium dependence of dopamine uptake in rat striatal synaptosomes”. Neurochem. Res. 18 (8): 927—936. PMID 8371835. doi:10.1007/BF00998279. 


  8. ^ Wersinger C, Sidhu A (2003). „Attenuation of dopamine transporter activity by alpha-synuclein”. Neurosci. Lett. 340 (3): 189—92. PMID 12672538. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00097-1. 


  9. ^ Lee FJ, Liu F, Pristupa ZB, Niznik HB (2001). „Direct binding and functional coupling of alpha-synuclein to the dopamine transporters accelerate dopamine-induced apoptosis”. FASEB J. 15 (6): 916—26. PMID 11292651. doi:10.1096/fj.00-0334com. 


  10. ^ Torres GE, Yao WD, Mohn AR, Quan H, Kim KM, Levey AI, Staudinger J, Caron MG (2001). „Functional interaction between monoamine plasma membrane transporters and the synaptic PDZ domain-containing protein PICK1”. Neuron. 30 (1): 121—34. PMID 11343649. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00267-7. 


  11. ^ Carneiro AM, Ingram SL, Beaulieu JM, Sweeney A, Amara SG, Thomas SM, Caron MG, Torres GE (2002). „The multiple LIM domain-containing adaptor protein Hic-5 synaptically colocalizes and interacts with the dopamine transporter”. J. Neurosci. 22 (16): 7045—54. PMID 12177201. 


  12. ^ Midde, Narasimha M.; Yuan, Yaxia; Quizon, Pamela M.; Sun, Wei-Lun; Huang, Xiaoqin; Zhan, Chang-Guo; Zhu, Jun (1. 3. 2015). „Mutations at tyrosine 88, lysine 92 and tyrosine 470 of human dopamine transporter result in an attenuation of HIV-1 Tat-induced inhibition of dopamine transport”. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology. 10 (1): 122—135. ISSN 1557-1904. PMC 4388869 Слободан приступ. PMID 25604666. doi:10.1007/s11481-015-9583-3. 


  13. ^ Midde, Narasimha M.; Huang, Xiaoqin; Gomez, Adrian M.; Booze, Rosemarie M.; Zhan, Chang-Guo; Zhu, Jun (1. 9. 2013). „Mutation of tyrosine 470 of human dopamine transporter is critical for HIV-1 Tat-induced inhibition of dopamine transport and transporter conformational transitions”. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology. 8 (4): 975—987. ISSN 1557-1904. PMC 3740080 Слободан приступ. PMID 23645138. doi:10.1007/s11481-013-9464-6. 


  14. ^ Purohit, Vishnudutt; Rapaka, Rao; Shurtleff, David (1. 8. 2011). „Drugs of abuse, dopamine, and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders/HIV-associated dementia”. Molecular Neurobiology. 44 (1): 102—110. ISSN 1559-1182. PMID 21717292. doi:10.1007/s12035-011-8195-z. 



Spoljašnje veze


  • Dopamine transporter-related Associations, Experiments, Publications and Clinical Trials


  • MeSH Dopamine+Transporter




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Кастелфранко ди Сопра Становништво Референце Спољашње везе Мени за навигацију43°37′18″ СГШ; 11°33′32″ ИГД / 43.62156° СГШ; 11.55885° ИГД / 43.62156; 11.5588543°37′18″ СГШ; 11°33′32″ ИГД / 43.62156° СГШ; 11.55885° ИГД / 43.62156; 11.558853179688„The GeoNames geographical database”„Istituto Nazionale di Statistica”проширитиууWorldCat156923403n850174324558639-1cb14643287r(подаци)